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Article de revue:
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ID no. (ISBN etc.): 0278-7393
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Clé de citation BibTeX: Shafto2003
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Shafto, P., & Coley, J. D. (2003). Development of categorization and reasoning in the natural world: Novices to experts, naive similarity to ecological knowledge. Journal of experimental psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 29(4), p. p641–649.
Ajoutée par: Sterenn Audo 2008-01-08 12:56:37 Dernièrement modifiée par: Sterenn Audo 2008-01-08 12:57:27
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Catégories: Catégorisation, COEFF, Full text, Raisonnement
Descripteurs: categorization, causal ecological knowledge, Classification (Cognitive Process), context, Ecology, Experience Level, generalization, inductive inferences, INFERENCE, Knowledge Level, novices vs experts, REASONING, Stimulus Generalization, Stimulus Similarity, taxonomic similarity, Taxonomies
Auteurs: Coley, Shafto
Collection: Journal of experimental psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition
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Nombre de vues: 348
Popularité: 31.55%
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Résumé
Two experiments investigate the role of similarity and causal– ecological knowledge in expert and novice
categorization and reasoning. In Experiment 1, university undergraduates and commercial fishermen
sorted marine creatures into groups; although there was substantial agreement, novices sorted largely on
the basis of appearance, whereas experts often cited commercial, ecological, or behavioral factors, and
systematically subdivided fish on the basis of ecological niche. In Experiment 2, experts and novices
were asked to generalize a blank property or novel disease from a pair of marine creatures. Novices relied
on similarity to guide generalizations. Experts used similarity to reason about blank properties but
ecological relations to reason about diseases. Expertise appears to involve knowledge of multiple
relations among entities and context-sensitive application of those relations.
Ajoutée par: Sterenn Audo
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Ajoutée par: Sterenn Audo
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